1/17/2023 0 Comments Nasa bbc news rayos cosmicos 2016km., and so the coverage of the United States would be pretty sparse. The downside is that there are relatively few station locations which have population densities less than, say, 20 persons per sq. This might argue for only using rural data for temperature trend monitoring. population increases around hourly weather stations have been in the more populated areas (except for mostly densely populated ones), with no increase in rural areas. 1 shows this for 311 hourly weather station locations that have relatively complete weather data since 1973.įig. In the last 20 years (2000 to 2020) the increase in population has been largely in the urban areas, with no average increase in rural areas. The effects can occur on many spatial scales: a heat pump placed too close to the thermometer (a microclimate effect) or a large city with outward-spreading suburbs (a mesoscale effect). The extra warmth comes from both waste heat and replacements of cooler vegetated surfaces with impervious and easily heated hard surfaces. Oke showed in 1973 (and many others since), the UHI has a substantial effect on the surface temperatures in populated regions, up to several degrees C. More people means more infrastructure, more energy consumption (and waste heat production), and even if the population did not increase, our increasing standard of living leads to a variety of increases in manufacturing and consumption, with more businesses, parking lots, air conditioning, etc.Īs T.R. In the last 50 years (1970-2020) the population of the U.S. that have a sufficient number of temperature data to make the UHI-vs-trend correction. It is recommended that an de-urbanization of trends should be applied to the hourly data (mostly from airports) to achieve a more accurate record of temperature trends in land regions like the U.S. Regard station data quality, variability among the raw USHCN station trends is 60% greater than among the trends computed from the hourly data, suggesting the USHCN raw data are of a poorer quality. C/decade, which is only 50%Â the USHCN trend of +0.26 C/decade. trend (1973-2020), after removal of the UHI-related spurios trend component, is about +0.13 deg. warming trend, without the need for uncertain time-of-observation adjustments. Use of the hourly station data provides a mostly USHCN-independent measure of the U.S. I find that regression analysis applied to the ISD hourly weather data (mostly from airports)Â between many stations’ temperature trends and local population density (as a UHI proxy) can be used to remove the average spurious warming trend component due to UHI. I argue that, based upon the importance of quality temperature trend calculations to national energy policy, a new dataset not dependent upon the USHCN Tmax/Tmin observations is required. temperature trends in the official NOAA 1,218-station USHCN dataset. SUMMARY: The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is shown to have affected U.S.
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